Is a missing citation list a zero rate?

No. Unknown completeness is excluded; only a confirmed complete empty list counts as no citations.

Method and interpretation

GEO citation analysis uses source URLs shown in public answers. Verify official domains, deduplicate each URL within an answer and then calculate rates. A displayed citation does not prove the model’s internal retrieval path or training-data usage.

How to use it

• Explore this feature
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Technical references

• Google AI search guidance

SAG technical notes (Korean)

• Citation List Completeness: How Are Empty Sources Different from Missing Data?
• Page-Level Citation Rates and Overall Citation Rates: Why Don’t They Add Up?

Related questions

• What does GEO AI exposure show?
• How is the official-source citation rate calculated?
• Can I see which pages were cited?